Nigeria Vyakula na kilimo Import Kanuni na Viwango
Lex Artifex LLP, sheria imara katika Nigeria, imeanzisha Food & Dawa (F&D) Helpdesk kusaidia watu binafsi na makampuni ya kushiriki katika utengenezaji, usambazaji, usafirishaji na uingizaji wa umewekwa chakula na madawa ya kulevya bidhaa katika mkutano mahitaji yaliyowekwa na Shirika la Taifa la Nigeria kwa Chakula na Dawa na Udhibiti ("NAFDAC"). Below is Nigeria’s food and agricultural import regulations and standards.
NIGERIA’S FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL IMPORT REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS
sehemu ya I.
Sheria ya chakula:
majukumu ya kusimamia na ufuatiliaji viwango vya usalama wa chakula na njia katika Nigeria kukabidhi juu ya mashirika yafuatayo ya serikali:
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Ministries: Wizara ya Afya ya Shirikisho, Wizara ya Kilimo Shirikisho & Resources Maji na Wizara ya Biashara ya Shirikisho;
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idara: Idara ya Shirikisho ya Uvuvi na Idara ya Mifugo Federal;
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Mashirika: Shirika la Taifa la Chakula na Dawa na Udhibiti (NAFDAC), Viwango Shirika la Nigeria (MTOTO), na Nigeria Kilimo Plant Quarantine Services (NAQS) na Baraza Ulinzi Consumer.
zifuatazo ni sheria ya vyakula kuu nchini Nigeria:
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Chakula na Dawa Sheria
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chakula, Madawa ya kulevya na Related Products (Usajili, Na kadhalika.) Sheria
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Sheria ya wanyama Magonjwa
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Masoko ya Maziwa ya matiti Wachezaji wa akiba Sheria
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Bandia na bandia Madawa ya Kulevya na bovu Foods kusindika (Miscellaneous Masharti) Sheria
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Shirika la Taifa la Chakula na Dawa na Udhibiti (NAFDAC) Sheria
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Sheria Consumer Protection Council
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Inland Sheria ya Uvuvi
NAFDAC is Nigeria’s food safety authority and is responsible for the regulation and control of food product manufacturing, uagizaji, usafirishaji, tangazo, sale and distribution in Nigeria. It defines food as any “makala viwandani, kusindika, vifurushi, kuuzwa au kutangazwa kwa matumizi kama chakula au kinywaji kwa matumizi ya binadamu, kutafuna na kingo yoyote ambayo inaweza kuchanganywa na chakula kwa sababu yoyote ile.”
Chini ya masharti ya sheria na Kanuni za kuandamana, hakuna bidhaa chakula inaweza kuwa bidhaa, viwandani, kutangazwa, sold or distributed in Nigeria unless it has been registered by NAFDAC. Its scope is to regulate, kulinda na kukuza afya ya umma kwa kuhakikisha wholesomeness, ubora, usalama, na ufanisi (kama inatumika) wa vyakula, maji vifurushi, madawa, vipodozi, vifaa tiba, kemikali na sabuni (inajulikana bidhaa kama zinazodhibitiwa) zinazotumiwa katika Nigeria.
NAFDAC kanuni za bima:
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Leseni & usajili wa majengo chakula
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uagizaji & usafirishaji wa chakula
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Uwekaji wa chakula
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Tangazo ya chakula
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taratibu sampuli
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Kufungwa kwa majengo ya chakula yasiyozingatia usafi
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Afya udhibiti wa handlers chakula
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Mnururisho wa vyakula
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Masoko ya mbadala maziwa ya mama
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Ante-mortem na / au post-mortem ya wanyama chakula
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hatua karantini
NAFDAC operates at the Federal and State levels along with the state government agencies. At the local government level, kuna msingi vyombo afya kuwajibika kwa anwani chakula vending, uanzishwaji wa upishi na masoko ya jadi.
sehemu ya II. Mahitaji Labeling
A. mahitaji ya jumla
NAFDAC kanuni zinahitaji kuipatia chakula kuwa na taarifa na sahihi na si ulaghai au kupotosha.
zifuatazo ni muhtasari wa NAFDAC "s mahitaji ya chini ya kuipatia:
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brand bidhaa jina au jina la kawaida lazima kuonekana katika barua ujasiri.
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Jina na kamili “eneo” pepe ya mtengenezaji kuonyesha nchi ya asili lazima itolewe katika studio ya bidhaa.
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uzalishaji “kundi” au “mengi” idadi, tarehe ya utengenezaji na bora kabla / tarehe ya mwisho.
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maudhui Net, kubainisha viungo muhimu katika uzito tani kwa yabisi na tani kiasi kwa ajili ya vinywaji.
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Viungo lazima kuwa waliotajwa kwa majina yao ya kawaida katika utaratibu wa umaarufu wao kwa uzito.
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livsmedelstillsatser na rangi lazima rasmi tarehe studio.
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Viungo, ladha na rangi inaweza kuwa waliotajwa kwa hivyo, bila kutaja mali maalum, lakini yeyote rangi bandia au ladha lazima kutambuliwa kama vile.
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NAFDAC nambari ya usajili ni lazima iwekwe katika studio ya bidhaa.
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Labeling should be in English. If it is in another language, tafsiri ya Kiingereza lazima kuonyeshwa katika studio au kifurushi kuingiza (ambapo husika).
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Fimbo-on maandiko mkutano NAFDAC mahitaji zinaruhusiwa mradi hawana kuondoa urahisi.
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maandiko ya Nje lazima kuzingatiwa kabla ya kufika kwa bidhaa katika bandari ya Nigeria ya kuingia.
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studio ya nje lazima inatumika kabla ya kuuza nje
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Kwa ajili ya uzalishaji na kumalizika tarehe, Nigerians write the date before the month. Exporters are advised to specify the month in words (Julai 1, 2005 au kuashiria mm / dd / mwaka) kuepuka migogoro ambayo yanaweza kutokea katika kukosea siku kwa mwezi.
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NAFDAC regulation stipulates that all food products should carry best-before dates and/or shelf life on their packaging. The regulation states that the expiry date should be “angalau maisha ya rafu nusu kama wakati wa ukaguzi.” The last sentence is interpreted to mean that at the time of inspection (na NAFDAC baada ya kusafisha Forodha), kwamba kipindi kuanzia tarehe ya ukaguzi mpaka tarehe ya kumalizika muda wanapaswa kuwa sawa na au zaidi ya nusu ya jumla ya maisha ya rafu ya bidhaa (tarehe ya uzalishaji hadi kumalizika).
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NAFDAC hairuhusu vizuizi katika kuipatia mahitaji.
B. Mahitaji Maalum ya kuipatia Lishe:
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Any nutritional claim on the product’s label must be justified. Nutritional labeling is mandatory for any prepackaged food item for which the manufacturer makes a nutrition or dietary claim.
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Vyakula kwa malazi maalum inatumia kwa madai ya kuzuia magonjwa, matibabu, kukabiliana, kutibu au utambuzi lazima kuzingatia miongozo NAFDAC kwa usajili wa madawa ya kulevya na kusajiliwa kama bidhaa ya dawa au "nutriceuticals”.
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Labels lazima iwe na maelekezo kwa ajili ya matumizi ya salama, maonyo kama vile mwingiliano wakati kuchukuliwa na dawa nyingine.
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Ziada ya lishe labeling habari ni hiari.
sehemu ya III. Ufungaji na Kanuni Container
Wakati huu, NAFDAC kanuni si mahususi juu ya ufungaji, lakini wakala iko katika mchakato wa kuandaa kanuni za juu ya ufungaji.
Hakuna sheria maalum taka au kanuni bidhaa kusindika athari nje bidhaa za chakula na NAFDAC haina kuweka vikwazo vyovyote maalum kwenye vifungashio.
Hata hivyo, plastiki lazima ya chakula daraja na haipaswi Leach kwenye bidhaa.
waagizaji Nigeria, hata hivyo, mara nyingi kutoa alama ufungaji upendeleo kwa baadhi ya bidhaa za chakula high-thamani (HVP), yaani:
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Ndogo za ukubwa tayari na vifurushi kwa ajili ya matumizi wakati mmoja.
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Bidhaa ambazo zinaweza kusafirishwa kwa wingi na re-vifurushi ndani ya nchi.
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Kuharibika mazao ya chakula ambayo kupitia usindikaji / ufungaji matibabu kufikia hadi rafu maisha bila majokofu.
sehemu ya IV. Livsmedelstillsatser Kanuni:
kanuni za nyongeza Nigeria chakula ni maalum katika sheria husika.
NAFDAC ina maendeleo maalum livsmedelstillsats chakula kanuni juu ya utamu mashirika yasiyo ya lishe na urutubishaji.
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NAFDAC inahitaji ngano na mahindi unga, mafuta ya mboga na sukari kuwa ngome na Vitamin A, wakati chumvi lazima iodized.
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NAFDAC inatumika livsmedelstillsats chakula viwango vya Codex Alimentarius Commission, EU na FDA katika tathmini yake ya usalama wa chakula.
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Hakuna mtu anaweza kutengeneza, kuagiza, kutangaza, kuuza au kuwasilisha bidhaa yoyote chakula au kinywaji zenye mashirika- lishe sweetener kwa matumizi ya binadamu isipokuwa bidhaa ni “maalum kwa ajili ya matumizi ya pekee malazi.”
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Mashirika yasiyo ya lishe utamu, ikiwa ni pamoja na saccharin na cyclamates, inaweza kutumika katika calorie chini, malazi vyakula / vinywaji lakini hawaruhusiwi yoyote chakula au kinywaji kuliwa na watoto wachanga au watoto.
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Potassium BROMATE kama mkate kukuza hayaruhusiwi. Nyingine kadhaa mkate improvers sasa zinapatikana.
Kuna adhabu kwa ukiukaji wa masharti ya kanuni NAFDAC.
sehemu ya V. Madawa ya kuulia wadudu na uchafu mwingine
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mipaka mabaki ya dawa na viwango mycotoxin ya Codex Alimentarius Commission, EU na USFDA hutumiwa na NAFDAC katika tathmini yake ya usalama wa chakula.
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Bidhaa zote chakula lazima uwe na cheti cha uchambuzi, ambayo inaonyesha kwa kuridhika NAFDAC kwamba bidhaa ni bure ya yaliyomo mionzi kwa kuongeza takwimu zingine quality. Kuna upeo mabaki kikomo kwa ajili ya idhini ya dawa.
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NAFDAC reserves the right to subject any domestic or imported product to its own analysis to determine wholesomeness of food product. NAFDAC officials routinely subject imported foods to inspection and analysis at the port of entry, kiwango cha rejareja na pia kufanya uchambuzi wa maabara.
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Machafu bidhaa ni chini ya adhabu na uharibifu wa NAFDAC na mashtaka iwezekanavyo.
sehemu ya VI. Kanuni nyingine na Mahitaji
A. General
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The manufacturer shall make an application for the registration of processed food. In case of a manufacturer outside Nigeria, hilo itabidi kuwakilishwa katika Nigeria na kusajiliwa kihalali kampuni Nigeria.
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Waagizaji wa bidhaa za chakula kwa njia ya wawakilishi wao katika Nigeria lazima kwanza kuwasilisha maombi kwa NAFDAC, kusema jina la mtengenezaji, jina (chapa inapotumika) wa bidhaa.
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A separate application form is required for each regulated product.
Zifuatazo ni nyaraka kwa ajili ya usajili na upya wa kibali kwa ajili ya bidhaa kutoka nje chakula:
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wazalishaji wa kigeni lazima kuwakilishwa katika Nigeria na kampuni iliyosajiliwa kihalali au mtu binafsi.
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NAFDAC inazingatia mwakilishi mitaa kuwajibika kikamilifu masuala yote kwenye bidhaa, kama vile usajili, usambazaji upya wito, hatua za kisheria nk.
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Nigeria kuingiza / distribuerar lazima faili ushahidi wa Nguvu ya Mwanasheria kutoka kwa mtengenezaji, ambayo mamlaka yake kuwa mwakilishi katika Nigeria.
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hati ya utengenezaji na uuzaji bure iliyotolewa na mamlaka husika ya afya, authenticated by the Nigerian Embassy in the country of origin. Product license or evidence of product registration in the country of origin is an added advantage.
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waagizaji wote lazima kuwasilisha hati ya usajili wa chapa / alama ya biashara na alama ya biashara
Registry in the Ministry of Commerce in Nigeria. This is done in the name of the owner of the trademark to protect the owner.
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A NAFDAC application form duly completed by the local agent (kuingiza) kwa ajili ya usajili wa kila bidhaa zinazodhibitiwa.
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Fifteen product samples (ishirini katika kesi ya maziwa) kulingana na ukubwa pakiti lazima kutolewa kwa NAFDAC kwa kimwili / maabara ya uchambuzi na uhakiki ambayo inachukua wiki minne hadi nane.
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Kibali lazima zipatikane kuagiza kiasi mdogo kwa lengo la usajili.
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cheti kina ya uchambuzi wa bidhaa iliyotolewa na mtengenezaji.
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barua ya mwaliko kwa ajili ya ukaguzi wa kiwanda kwa kuwasilishwa kwa mwombaji katika Nigeria na atakuwa hali anuani ya mahali kamili ya mtengenezaji, jina la mtu mtu, Barua pepe, sasa simu na fax.
NAFDAC mchakato wa usajili inahusisha nyaraka, ukaguzi wa vifaa vya viwanda, mapitio ya GMP ripoti ya ukaguzi, uchanganuzi wa maabara kwa ajili ya tathmini ya usalama wa chakula na ubora, vetting of labels to confirm compliance with NAFDAC’s labeling regulations. The process also involves advertisement (hiari) udhibiti ili kuhakikisha kwamba si udanganyifu, fraudulent or misleading. These activities culminate in the issuance of a NAFDAC Namba ya Usajili, ambayo ni shahada ya ubora wa bidhaa na usalama.
The process of registration now involves GMP audit visits by inspectors of the agency to factory locations in the respective countries of origin. The registration of any food product with NAFDAC is a detailed process and could take between 1-3 months from the date samples are submitted for laboratory tests to be completed. Manufacturers/exporters wishing to sell their food products in Nigeria also should be aware of relevant requirements and regulations of the Nigerian Customs Service. A successful application will be issued a Hati ya Usajili with a validity period of five years.
Guidelines for Agents of Foreign Manufacturers
1. Mawakala wa watengenezaji wa kigeni wanachukua hatua za lazima kuhakikisha kuwa bidhaa zilizodhibitiwa zinatarajiwa kwa soko la Naijeria husajiliwa kabla ya mizigo ya bidhaa hizo huingizwa nchini..
2. NAFDAC will normally authorize the importation of small quantities of unregistered products for the purpose of submission as samples for registration. A written authorization specifying the quantity of the unregistered products to be imported can be obtained from NAFDAC.
3. On arrival of the imported samples and presentation of the authorization to the NAFDAC inspectors at the ports, the consignment will be treated the same way as other normal imported consignments. Before the consignment is therefore cleared from the ports, the importer is required to present the following:
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Authorization to import samples of the unregistered product.
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Bank draft for the prescribed port inspection fees payable to NAFDAC.
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Properly completed Customs Bill of Entry
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Certificate of Analysis of the product issued by the manufacturer.
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Certificate of Manufacture and Free Sale issued by a Government Authority empowered by law in the country of origin to exercise regulatory control over the product authenticated by the Nigerian Embassy in the country of manufacture.
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Nguvu ya Mwanasheria, notarized, issued by the manufacturer to the Nigerian local agent.
4. In the event of any violation, the consignment of the unregistered product would be cleared from the ports to a bonded warehouse at the expense of the importer. baada ya hapo, waingizaji nchini wanashitaki na bidhaa zilizoidhinishwa kwa Serikalipamoja na thamani seti mali ambayo imepatikana ilitolewa moja kwa moja moja kwa moja kutoka kwa tume ya kosa.
B. Tarehe za Kuisha
NAFDAC Pre-packaged Food Labeling Regulations stipulates that all food products should carry best-before dates and/or shelf life on their packaging. The policy states that the expiry date should be “at least half the shelf life as at time of inspection.” The last sentence is interpreted to mean that at the time of inspection (na NAFDAC baada ya kusafisha Forodha), kwamba kipindi kuanzia tarehe ya ukaguzi mpaka tarehe ya kumalizika muda wanapaswa kuwa sawa na au zaidi ya nusu ya jumla ya maisha ya rafu ya bidhaa (tarehe ya uzalishaji hadi kumalizika). Exporters are advised to specify the month in words (Julai 1, 2005 au kuashiria mm / dd / mwaka) kuepuka migogoro ambayo yanaweza kutokea katika kukosea siku kwa mwezi.
C. Prepackaged Food Products
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The following guidelines govern the sale of prepackaged food products in Nigeria:
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No person may sell a prepackaged food unless a label has been affixed thereto.
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A prepackaged food label must not be presented in a manner, which is false, deceptive or likely to create an erroneous impression regarding its character, ubora, quantity and origin.
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A complete list of ingredients used in preparing the food item will be declared on the label in a descending order of their proportion.
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A date of minimum durability must be identified on the label along with any special storage conditions.
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Prepackaged food items that are treated with ionizing radiation must be so declared and the nature of the ionizing radiation will be stated on the label.
NAFDAC officials routinely visit depots, markets and retail outlets to confirm that all imported food products are in compliance with local regulations.
NAFDAC may prohibit the importation, usambazaji, sale or use of any prepackaged food item, temporarily or permanently as well as impose administrative fines against any product failing to comply with the above regulations.
D. Advertisement Requirements
NAFDAC must approve all advertisement/promotional materials prior to utilization.
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Advertised food products must demonstrate that the products are legally registered with NAFDAC.
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An application for advertisement must be submitted to NAFDAC for its approval.
Section VII. miliki
Nigeria is a member of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and a signatory to the Patent Cooperation Treaty and the Universal Copyright Convention (UCC) and other major International Agreements on Intellectual Property Rights (IPR).
The Patents, alama za biashara, and Industrial Design Registry of the Federal Ministry of Trade and Investment is saddled with responsibility for issuing patents, alama za biashara, and industrial designs. Once conferred, a patent conveys the exclusive right to make, kuagiza, sell, use a product, or to apply a patented process. Registering a trademark grants the holder the exclusive right to use the registered mark for a specific product or class of products.
Section IX. Import Procedures
A. Ukaguzi wa
Effective January 1, 2006, the government of Nigeria commenced the implementation of Destination Inspection (DI) to replace Pre-shipment Inspection (PSI). Under the new scheme, goods destined for Nigeria’s ports are inspected at the point of entry rather than at the point of shipment, which was hitherto the practice. The scheme will be carried out by the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS), while three firms that will act as Destination Inspection Service Providers, will provide scanning services at ports of entry.
B. Nyaraka
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Any person intending to import physical goods into Nigeria shall in the first instance process Form “M” through any authorized dealer bank irrespective of the value and whether or not payment is involved.
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Supporting documents shall be clearly marked “VALID FOR Foreign Exchange (FOREX) / NOT VALID FOR FOREX” as appropriate i.e. depending on whether or not foreign exchange remittance would be involved.
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The validity period of Form “M” for plants and machineries shall be for a period of one year.
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All applications for goods subject to Destination Inspection shall carry the “BA” code; while those on exemption shall indicate “CB” in the prefix of the numbering system of the Form “M”.
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An exemption shall be as approved by the Honorable Minister of Finance prior to completion of Form “M”.
The Form “M” and relevant pro-forma invoice shall carry a proper description of the goods to be imported to facilitate price verification viz:
1. Generic product name, yaani. product type, category
2. Mark or brand name of the product where applicable.
3. Model name and or model or reference number where applicable.
4. Description of the quality, grade, specification, capacity, size performance etc.
5. Quantity and packaging and or packing.
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Documents in respect of each import transaction shall carry the name of the product, country of origin, specifications, date of manufacture, batch or lot number, Standards to which the goods have been produced (k.m.. Nigeria Industrial Standards-NIS, British Standards PD, ISO, IES, DIN, (na kadhalika).
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Where import items such as food, drinks, vipodozi, madawa, vifaa tiba, chemicals etc., are regulated for health or environmental reasons, they shall carry EXPIRY dates or the shelf life and specify the active ingredients, ambapo husika.
C. Duty
The importer’s bank issues a certified check to the Federal Government’s Import Duty account for payment of the import tariff. This payment must be completed before the original IDR and other necessary shipping documents are released by the Nigerian Customs Service (NCS) to the importer who may now initiate the process of clearing his goods. This could be accomplished during transport time.
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In January 2006, Nigeria began a partial implementation of the ECOWAS Common External Tariff (CET). The Nigerian government has reduced its tariff bands from twenty to five. The five tariff bands are a zero duty on capital goods, machinery, and medicines such as anti-retroviral drugs and other medicines not produced in the country; 5% duty on imported raw materials; 10% duty on intermediate goods; 20% duty on finished goods; na 50% duty on goods in industries that the GON wants to protect.
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All HVP imports are assessed a 5 percent Value Added Tax, a port surcharge equivalent to 7 percent of the duty amount and a Customs inspection service charge equal to 1 percent of the duty amount. The GON frequently reviews its list of items prohibited for imports. Exporters to Nigeria should ascertain the import status of their products before shipment.
Nigeria Vyakula na kilimo Import Kanuni na Viwango